The Chicago Manual of Style includes 2 documentation systems:
What is the difference between Chicago Style and Turabian?
A Manual for writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, frequently called just "Turabian" is the student version of Chicago Style. The two are very similar with only a few slight differences aimed at students such as requiring the date of access for websites. While they are generally the same, consistency is key, and rules such as access dates should be applied evenly throughout your citations and references.
Full explanations, examples, and quick reference can be found below in the official guide, text, and guides created by other universities:
The full text of the Chicago Manual of Style Online 17th edition provides searchable recommendations on editorial/citation style and publishing practices used in the humanities and social sciences.
The Chicago Manual of Style 17th ed. by 
A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations by A free and open source program that anyone can use, therefore, you will retain access after graduation.
The standalone program that works with Windows, Mac, or Linux systems
Install the browser plug-in for Firefox, Chorme, and Safari.
When you download, a Microsoft Word plug-in will automatically install allowing you to easily add in-text citations and reference lists.
Researching, arguing a position, laying the foundation for scientific experiments, and all other academic pursuits begin with studying the work of others and using this work to inform our own. It is absolutely crucial to give credit to those who's work you use, and this is done using direct quotations and paraphrasing, and always citing your sources. Not to do so would be considered plagiarism. Plagiarism and other forms of academic dishonesty are treated as extremely serious violations of ethical conduct and may result in suspension or expulsion from the University.
A Quote is the exact wording used by the original author. Example:
Paraphrasing, is rewriting another's words or ideas in your own words, often summarizing or synthesizing a larger text, while still giving the original author credit for their ideas. Example:
Bruce Bayley, "Custody vs. Treatment Debate: Deterrence—The Two Great Lies," CorrectionsOne, July 1, 2009.
For more information view these guides on quoting and avoiding plagiarism:
Quoting, Paraphrasing and Summarizing at Purdue OWL
Quoting and Paraphrasing at The University of Wisconsin
Quoting Materials at Plagiarism.org