This video (1:54) from NC State University Libraries explains citations, citation styles, and how they are used in academic writing.
“Citation: A (Very) Brief Introduction” by NCSU Libraries is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0
The Chicago Manual of Style includes 2 documentation styles: the Notes-Bibliography System (NB), used by those in literature, history, and the arts, and the Author-Date System, which is similar in content, slightly different in form, and preferred in the social sciences.
In addition to consulting the The Chicago Manual of Style (17th ed.) for more information, students may also find it useful to consult Kate L. Turabian's Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (9th ed.). Often called "Turabian" style, it resembles the two patterns of documentation but includes alterations geared to papers written by students.
Full explanations, examples, and quick reference can be found below in the official guide, text, and guides created by other universities:
The Chicago Manual of Style by 
A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations by 
MLA Handbook (9th ed.) by 
MLA Handbook (8th ed.) by Visit the full Writing and Citing Guide for help with: